26402 - Crystallography
Basic Education
5.3. Syllabus
Geometric crystallography
1. The notion of crystal: historic development of Crystallography. Order and periodicity. The properties of crystalline matter.
2. Crystal lattices. Bidimensional periodic lattices. The Bravais lattices and the cystal systems. Elements of periodic lattices
3. Crystallographic notations: lattice points, lines and planes. Weiss arameters and Miller indices. Relationship between crystal morphology and structure. Empirical laws
4. Crystallographic zones.
5. Symmetry I. Symmetry operations in 2D and 3D
6. Symmetry II. Translational symmetry. The 32 point groups. Crystal systems
and symmetry.
7. Crystal morphology. Forms of the 7 systems.
8. Representing Crystals: stereographic projection.
Structural crystallography and crystal chemistry
9. The symmetry of the unit cell. Space groups. Atomic positions and structural sites.
10. Crystal structures. Rules of the crystal structures. Pauling rules.
11. Chemical variability of crystals: solid solution, isomorphism and stoichiometry (this subject will be taught in English)
12. The X-ray diffraction of crystals. Diffraction methods: fundamentals and the information they provide.
Physical properties of crystals
13. Introduction to the physical properties of crystals, and its relationship with the crystal symmetry
14. Optical properties I. Nature of light and other basics
15. Optical properties II. Optical isotropy and anisotropy. The optical surfaces.
16. Optical properties III. The transmitted-light polarizing microscope.
17. Optical properties IV. Optical analysis of crystals with parallel light, without analyzer. Optical analysis with parallel light and analyzer. Optical analysis with convergent light.
18. The color of mineral.
19. The electrical, magnetic and thermal properties of crystals.
Crystal Dynamics
20. The real crystal. Defects in crystals and crystal dynamics. The influence of defects on the physical properties of the crystals.
21. Crystal defects: point, line, two and three dimensional defects in crystals.
22. Crystal formation and growth. The morphology of the real crystal. Aggregates and twins.
23. Polymorphism.
Practical sessions
Geometrical crystallography: Sessions 1 to 7
X-ray Diffraction: Session 9
Optical microscopy: Sessions 10-16
Review of Geometric Crystallography: Practice